Experiment 5, Preparation of Synthetic Banana Oil

September 30, 2012 Experiment 5, Preparation of Synthetic Banana Oil Introduction: This experiment prepares synthetic banana oil (isopentyl acetate) through the Fisher esterification method by combining isopentyl alcohol with acetic and sulfuric acid then heating the mixture under reflux for an hour. Esterification is a chemical reaction in which two reactants (an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Observations and Data: When the sulfuric acid was combined with the isopentyl alcohol and acetic acid, the mixture turned red (due to residue of another chemical remaining on glassware).During the wash of the organic layer, two distinct layers appeared, a yellow and a clear. The drying process took around 20 minutes through gravity filtration. The distillation process took around 15 to 20 minutes to begin boiling at 137? C and stay at 140? C for the remainder of distillation. After reaching optimum temperature distillation was complete within ten minutes. After the experiment was completed the final product was 97% ester, 3% alcohol. Compound| Percent Total| Isopentyl Acetate (Ester)| 97%|Isopentyl Alcohol (Alcohol)| 3%| Results and Discussion We began with 16. 2 mL of isopentyl alcohol and continued through the processes of reaction, separation, and purification until a final product was achieved. There were two peak areas appearing on the gas chromatogram, isopentyl alcohol and isopentyl acetate. The area of isopentyl alcohol (2) is 0. 255cm2 where the area of the isopentyl acetate (1) is 8. 4cm2. This results in the percentage of isopentyl alcohol (3) in the final product eing 3% and the percentage of isopentyl acetate (4) 97%. The percent yield (5)of isopentyl acetate is also 97%. 1 1 1. 1. 8. 4 cm2 isopentyl acetate 8. 4 cm2 isopentyl acetate = = 2 2 (2 cm x 8. 4 cm) (2 cm x 8. 4 cm) = = 2 2 1 1 2. 2. 0. 255 cm2 isopentyl alcohol 0. 255 cm2 isopentyl alcohol (1. 7 cm x 0. 3 cm) (1. 7 cm x 0. 3 cm) 0. 255 cm2 isopentyl alcohol 0. 255 cm2 isopentyl alcohol 3% isopentyl alcohol 3% isopentyl alcohol = = 8. 655 cm2 total 8. 655 cm2 total X X 100% 100% 3. 3. 8. 4 cm2 isopentyl acetate 8. cm2 isopentyl acetate 8. 655 cm2 total 8. 655 cm2 total = = 97% isopentyl acetate 97% isopentyl acetate X X 100% 100% 4. 4. .97 actual isopentyl acetate .97 actual isopentyl acetate = = 97% yield 97% yield 1. 0 theorhetical isopentyl acetate 1. 0 theorhetical isopentyl acetate X X 100% 100% 5. 5. The results are not ideal, because the mixture would be 100% isopentyl acetate rather than containing isopentyl alcohol. Errors could have occurred in the beginning when the initial solution turned red, due to improper glassware cleaning.Product could have been lost or improperly filtered during gravity filtration. During the transfer of product from many vials, there may have been contamination. In the drying process, enough time may not have elapsed for the entire drying to occur. Experimental Isopentyl alcohol (150mmol) was mixed with acetic acid (17mL) and sulfuric acid (1mL). The solution was then heated under reflux for one hour. The mixture was then transferred into a separatory funnel and washed with 50-mL of water, drained and rewashed twice with 5% sodium bicarbonate.The layers were separated into two containers, one containing the aqueous layers of acetic acid and sulfuric acid in water and one containing the organic layer of isopentyl acetate and isopentyl alcohol. The mixture was then dried with magnesium sulfate. After dry, distillation occurred at 140? C to remove isopentyl alcohol leaving a final product of only isopentyl acetate. Laboratory Notebook Reference The data from the experiment â€Å"Preparation of Synthetic Banana Oil† is located on pages six through nine in the laboratory notebook.

Hershey’s Entry Into Turkey

Turkey is a country poised between Asia and Europe. This country of 71 million people is crucial to economic developments as it lies between producers and consumers, supply and demand. While seen as a bridge between the East and West, this majority Muslim country is also torn between both worlds. Its secular government has a long history of struggles between those who feel their country’s identity lies in the Middle East, those who desire full accession to the European Union (EU), and all those in between. The Turkish government’s main foreign policy goals are to make Turkey an integral part of the European Union The Turkish government has, in recent years, worked on reforms to liberalize Turkey’s trade relationships and open its markets. Turkey’s main export commodities are apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal manufactures, and transport equipment. Its main export partner is Germany, who receives 11. 3% of Turkey’s exports, followed by the United Kingdom, Italy, the United States, France, and Spain. On the import side, it receives the most products from Russia, at 12. 8% of total imports, followed by Germany, China, Italy, France, the United States, and Iran. Turkey’s trade with Iran, the other great economic power in the region, is of special interest to those in the United States and elsewhere who are concerned about Iran’s intentions and Turkey’s ability to hedge against Iran in the region. Turkey has a dynamic and complex economy that has seen strong growth since a devastating economic crisis in 2001 but still faces several major vulnerabilities. The country has used its mindset of modernization to develop competitive commerce and industries in the country, yet struggles to maintain equity between the urban and rural areas. An exceptionally high 35% of its population is still employed in the agricultural sector (compare to 2. 8% in Germany, 8. 5% in Russia, 0. 6% in the United States, etc). The country has seen decreased inflation and strong economic growth in the last five to seven years, largely due to renewed investor interest in emerging markets, tightened fiscal policies, and International Monetary Fund backing. Its economy, however, is still vulnerable because of high external debt and a high current account deficit. Despite strong growth, Turkey’s economy is still relatively small in comparison to its main trading partners. Comparisons can be made by examining countries’ gross domestic product, which is the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. In 2007 Turkey had an estimated GDP of $667. 7 billion, with a GDP per capita (purchasing power per individual) of approximately $9,400. The United States, the largest economy in the world and one of Turkey’s major trading partners, had an estimated GDP in 2007 of $13. 86 trillion, with a GDP per capita of $46,000. Three of Turkey’s other main trading partners are Germany, Italy, and France. Germany had an estimated 2007 GDP of $2. 33 trillion, with GDP per capita at $34,400; Italy had a GDP of $1. 8 trillion, with GDP per capita of $31,000; and France had a GDP of $2. 067 trillion, with a GDP per capita of $33,800. Thus, while large in comparison to its neighbors (Armenia, GDP $16. 83 billion; Greece, GDP $326. 4 billion; etc. ), Turkey still has much room for growth and competitive development in co mparison to its major trading partners. When compared to Turkey, The people of France are among the healthiest, wealthiest, and best-educated people in the world. The country is highly urbanized with more than 75 per cent of the people living in cities. The French are known for their sophistication, their culture, the beauty of their spoken language, and their diverse accomplishments in literature, arts, and sciences. Even French cuisine and apparels have long been a source of national pride. The economy of France is one of the highly developed economies in the European Union (EU). The country is the leading manufacturer of goods such as automobiles, electrical equipments, machine tools, and chemicals. Apart from this, France is also the European Union's most important agricultural nation and ships cereals, wine, cheese, and other agricultural products to the rest of Europe and the world. However, today, the economy in France is determined by services industry, which includes banking, retail and wholesale trade, communications, health care, and tourism. With its culture, France has been able to influence the entire Western world, particularly in the areas of art and literature. French literary and artistic contributions during the Renaissance and the Age of Enlightenment deeply influenced the path of Western cultural development. It was during the Middle Ages that France attained cultural prominence in Europe. The 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries saw many of Europe's most talented artists and artisans being attracted to Paris. The 20th century was considered to be the ‘cinema era,' with French cinema assuming a leading world position, particularly in the 1960s. World-renowned French cultural figures include philosophers, writers, painters, sculptors, architects, composers, playwrights, and film directors. Based on the country analysis, it is clear that Turkey is a market whose economy is rapidly growing, and the government of Turkey’s new foreign trade policies are open market business friendly. Kraft has been aggressively pursuing to enter the French market by acquiring Cadbury by preparing to bid as much as 18. billion. Given this high competition in the French market and the possible over load of the market with Kraft’s products, it would not be of Hershey’s best business interest to compete and enter into the French Market at this time. Therefore, I recommend that Hershey should enter the markets of Turkey first before it ventures into opportunities in France. This means, pop ular companies such as Hershey can take advantage of the new open market policies of the Turkish government to explore entrepreneurial opportunities to deploy its popular products. One of the Entrepreneurial opportunities to explore is to expand product platforms that suite the local market and strengthen the route to market through local partnerships and acquisition. I would recommend exporting as an initial market entry approach followed by joint ventures and contract manufacturing. Reference: 1. Country Analysis Report – Turkey. August 2009. Market Research. com 2. www. economist. com Country briefings – France 3. France24. com. Jan, 2010. Hershey eyes $ 17. 0 billion bid for Cadbury.

The New Yorker Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The New Yorker - Research Paper Example In 2010, the magazine employed sixteen fact checkers after sharp criticism concerning their fact checking process arose. In the following year, Adam Klasfeld in his article â€Å"Gawker Brought into New Yorker Fracas†, on the Courthouse News Service reported that the New Yorker had been sued by Peter Paul Biro for defamation on a July 2010 article. The magazine was unsuccessful in fighting for a dismissal of the case in 2012. Over the past two decades, the magazine has adopted the digital platform in its publishing and storage of material. Since the 1990s, the New Yorker published archived and the then current reports over the internet. In 2004, every cartoon printed since the inception of the magazine was published on compact discs. The magazine dà ©buted on Kindle and Nook in 2009 and went on to launch its iPad app the following year. The magazine was influential in the political scene in 2012 when it launched its online hub that centered on the coverage of the campaigns during the presidential election (New Yorker, web). This paper seeks to discuss the New Yorker’s move to go online and show why this decision is justified. The paper will also detail the application features and the benefits of this move to both the newspaper company and its audience. With technological developments, many users and organizations have favored the use of the internet for various basic functions such as communication, sales and advertising. As such, the use of smartphones and tablets has increasingly become a common occurrence among many people. These digital devices have user applications commonly referred to as â€Å"apps† that are designed to carry out a particular task. These programs are designed to run on the most common platform; android, Windows and iOS. Many businesses and organizations have adopted the use of these applications to interact with their target audience. The New Yorker is one such company (Jane, web). The magazine’s applications, known as the Goings

Application paper 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Application paper 1 - Essay Example Correspondingly, the fundamental features of the theory will be elaborated in this thesis, along with their application in the real life experiences. Criticisms of the theory will also be paid due significance in context to assess the applicability of the theory. DISCUSSION Key elements of the theory. SCT, as described by Griffin (247-250), is a universal theory within the broad framework that accounts for human communication. Precisely, SCT focuses on learning the sharing process of emotions and values in a small group, defining those as fantasies. The SCT communication is also used to observe the cohesiveness of a small group, wherein it is assumed that individuals will tend to dramatize their messages to a larger extent when confident in the group. Notably, communication is used to create a bond between small groups of people. The theory revolves around the emotions and fantasies of the people in a group wherein the conceptual framework of the theory attempts to analyze shared sym bolic meaning, which lies at the fantasy theme a person desires. The conversation begins with a fantasy of a person and continues with different opinions of the people in the group. SCT also helps to identify the symbolic reality that the member of the group shares through his/her conversation (Young, â€Å"Bormann's Symbolic Convergence Theory†). As argued by Griffin (247-250), SCT can be extremely useful to obtain critical understanding of the views and the thoughts of different persons in a group. SCT is principally based on the ideas of the member in a group who exchange their fantasies in order to formulate a cohesive group framework. The fantasies involve the emotion of the person supported by the group; it helps to understand the feeling and emotions of different individuals. Contextually, the fantasy chain can be considered as a positive response to the initial fantasy by the member of the group. It is in this context that symbolic convergence helps to form a cohesive bond and create a sense of togetherness in the group through the symbolic communication as described in SCT. The views and opinions of every individual are given emphasis based on the initial fantasy. Conceptually, SCT aids to recognize how the group associates, interacts and offers a way of inspecting small group culture. Also, this theory also makes it easier to understand who the active member is and is supporting the theme of the fantasy, building a fantasy chain (Young, â€Å"Bormann's Symbolic Convergence Theory†). A brief background of the situation. It was a normal working day when I, with my colleagues, was discussing about the upcoming salary hikes that were to be declared on the basis of our performances throughout the year. Undoubtedly, everyone in the group had great expectations and desires with the salary hike. In the middle of the conversation, one of my colleagues suddenly fantasized that with the aid of his increased salary and some help from loan facilitie s, he plans to purchase a duplex in one of the posh areas of the US within the next two years. This fantasy statement made the atmosphere in the work environment much informal, where the conversation was turning to a more comfortable level and

Outsourcing Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Outsourcing - Term Paper Example Human resource department is usually not the basic area of operations of a company therefore costs associated to this department are usually high. All companies are not able to operate their HR departments efficiently. Outsourcing gives the HR department in specialist hands. Employment associated risk like employee law suits are reduced as a result of HR outsourcing (Benefits of Outsourcing, 2011). Lawsuits can cause financial problems for the firm and can also tarnish the reputation of the company. HR outsourcing to a specialist firm can also enhance the performance of hired employees. HR firms provide training for employees and this is the reason of increased performance. There are also problems associated with HR outsourcing. By outsourcing an important division of the company like human resource a divide between firm’s objectives and employees may happen. Employees should be hired keeping in mind the overall goals of the company and organizational culture. HR outsourcing may also be a problem because it may involve risking inside information to outside people. Company will have to inform the HR firm about its future plan in order to tell them what kind of employees they want to hire. This will involve risking inside information to other companies. United Parcel Services is a well known example of outsourcing HR. The company has outsourced its human resources to eight different Human Resource Outsourcing companies (Alderton, 2005). The company is a great example as it is using many HR companies at once. UPS has also started communication portals between HR companies and employees so that their concerns are duly noted. PepsiCo is another large name that has outsourced its HR department (HRO Today 2009). The company thinks that HR outsourcing blends well with its operations. PepsiCo has outsourced benefit administration and contact center support to a HRO firm. This shows that

Budgets Cuts and Nursing Staffing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Budgets Cuts and Nursing Staffing - Essay Example It shall discuss the economic crisis and budget cuts in terms of their ability to impact negatively in the general health care delivery of patients and of hospitals. Discussion Due to the protracted and still lingering economic crisis, legislators and other administrators have implemented budget cuts in the health care sector. These budget cuts have affected all aspects of health delivery, from staffing ratios, salaries of staff, to the purchase of equipment and hospital supplies. In terms of nursing staff, budget cuts have translated to fewer nurses being hired and lower pay for nurses hired; it also translates to nurses caring for an overwhelming number of patients – more than they can safely and adequately care for. The application of financial management the resolution of the health care issue in this case has gone through the stages of planning, controlling, organizing, and finally decision-making (Baker and Baker, 2011). It is unfortunate to note how the health financing process has resulted to budget cuts in health care and in this case, in the nursing profession. Inadequate nursing staff caring for an overwhelming number of patients is one of the major contributory factors to nursing burnout, and such burnout often leads to medical errors in the practice. There seems to be an agreed consensus on the relationship between nurse staffing and improved patient outcomes. In other words, with higher patient staffing levels, better patient outcomes seem to be more apparent (Garrett, 2008). The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality sets forth that nursing burnout can often compromise health care services. Chronic fatigue, as well as limited sleep and lack of rested sleep are common issues among nurses and other health personnel. In the documented case of Julie Thao, accounts reveal that she worked two 16 hour shifts back to back and at one point fell asleep at a hospital cot. Upon awaking, she administered the wrong medicine to a patient. Unfortunate ly, this led to her patient’s death (Garrett, 2008). She pled no contest to criminal neglect and was sent to jail for such neglect. Human errors impacts significantly on medical care (Kane, et.al., 2007). Not many studies have been carried out on the relationship of fatigue and on the decreased quality of health care. Studies in other fields of practice however exemplify how fatigue can slow down reaction time, how it can cause omissions, reduce problem solving ability, decrease motivation, and reduce a worker’s energy for assigned tasks (Garrett, 2008). Fatigue has been seen as the cause of errors in construction workplaces, oil fields, and even on airplanes (due to sleeping or exhausted traffic controllers). It is not therefore a far-fetched idea for such fatigue to translate to medical errors. Even if studies on this issue are limited, such errors have been accepted as possible eventualities by overworked medical and nursing practitioners themselves. Budget cuts in nursing cause fewer nurses to be hired. This means shortage of staff to fill in patient needs in the hospitals. In order to resolve this problem, hospital administrators are often prompted to impose mandatory overtime among their employees. Such overtime is often required during unplanned and emergency procedures in the clinical setting (Buerhaus, et.al., 2007). Shift changes which do not yield available relief nurses

Generation Like Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Generation Like - Essay Example One of these methods is clearly turning dedicated fans into designated but minor marketing agents (PBS 2014). Generation Like is an interesting means of investigating a world of social media endorsements like tweets and Facebook likes and the way they slowly turn into currency for social media interactions. In the process, such endorsements create a new breed of advisers that unapologetically seeks to form a risk-free public view. The fact that modern youths have developed a strong relationship with technology is not new. This relationship ostensibly has fewer roles with computers when it comes to privacy. In Generation Like, Douglas Rushkoff resumes his decade-old view of the human-relationship with technology to come up with new intriguing facts (PBS 2014). For instance, the celebrity craze in social media amongst youths and methods used by promoters to crunch information in an effort to convert enthusiastic adolescents and young grownups into brand disciplines are evident. Rushkoff says, â€Å"You are what you like,† which sums up the abundant quantitate of data present in social media today. The readiness of adolescents to endorse something popular box office hits like â€Å"The Hunger Games† expresses their intense desires to encounter the film in any form. This way, it becomes simpler for such Hollywood firms to trace and take advantage of each move. I agree with Rushkoff that internet personalities can produce the same viral impact as socialites. Internet personalities achieve this impact by using their fan bases for interrelated purposes. This way, the act of popularization turns into a marketable outcome on its own. Actors use the same reasoning and Generation Like does not fully tackle this point despite its impact and relevance in social media (PBS 2014). For instance, Ian Somerhalder from the Television series Vampire Diaries meets with a consultant in the documentary. In the process, Somerhalder is blown away at how the number of followers on his

Violence against Women Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Violence against Women - Dissertation Example The violence experienced by women can take a variety of forms, and the main ones include domestic violence, sexual assault and rape, women trafficking and prostitution and sexual harassment. In some cases, the violence experienced by women can be verbal, sexual or physical in nature, but in all its forms, it violates a woman’s sense of being or the body, irrespective of ethnicity, race; country of origin or age. It is important to emphasize the fact that violence against women is a gender-based issue because it is a direct effect and consequence of the discrimination of women; it is an issue that needs to be addressed within a gender-equality framework. Globally, the problem of violence against women is a major issue of discussion, mainly because it has been found to be a major cause of physical disability, depression, and alcohol and drug abuse. The violence experienced by women has also been directly attributed to increases in social costs, including those incurred in visiti ng medical facilities for about double the normal times. Ellsberg and colleagues reported the findings of a multinational study done by the World Health Organization (WHO), which showed that domestic violence is a confirmed cause of ill health and a reduction in life expectancy among women globally (1165). It is very difficult to give an accurate estimate of the number of people affected by domestic violence among other forms of violence experienced by women, and this is because many cases are not reported (Wilcox 723).

HRD Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HRD - Case Study Example s in which the acquired companies used when going into market but also rethinking how various business parts could be integrated on a global perspective. Specifically, Mr. Grunewald required finishing market research so that the organization can acquire adequate information prior to entering the market, simplifying the existing production design, rationalizing the distribution channels, and most importantly overcoming regional differences. The company’s recent improvements were the result of a commitment that was met. This involved a four-part strategy that concentrated the organization’s resources as well as energies on a clear set of objectives. These objectives incorporated building the organization’s core profitability, strengthening its management, broadening the returns, and improving returns on equity. Through application of such managerial aspects, the organization’s direction was reversed from the verge of collapse due to customer dissatisfaction and tarnished reputation to a global power surpassing most of its previous performance records. The organization’s current performance is being driven by several factors. First, the urge to re-establish its reputation and its market share in the global perspective is pushing the organization to shift the mode of thinking from the local perspective to global. Second, competition in most segments of the local market has also pushed the organization to improve its practices and focus on bigger and broader opportunities in the global arena. Black & Decker has taken the issue of competition seriously to the point that it has even reverse engineered some of the competitor’s products to manufacture better products with respect to technology and security. One of the strengths include that the proposal had accounted for the major aspects that would be essential to establish the organization in the projected markets. The proposal had catered for communication among the branches and established an idea of the

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT - Research Paper Example 102). Such information is usually to be found in several locations and on dissimilar systems. This makes it imperative to have in place a mechanism that facilitates the retrieval of data from multiple applications; otherwise, complete compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes – Oxley Act cannot be realized (Stephens, 2005, p. 102). There is considerable difficulty and intricacy involved in complying with the Sarbanes – Oxley Act. Data has to be shown to be authentic, and this obliges auditors and company executives to confirm the integrity of the financial data of their enterprise that influences the financial position of their company (Stephens, 2005, p. 102). Complying with the provisions of Sarbanes – Oxley Act proved to be much more burdensome for companies. This includes among other things, the capacity to validate the processing and transmission of data at all times, regardless of the specific phase of the life cycle that the data may be subjected to auditing or investigation. A major consequence of these requirements is that the Information Technology division of a company has to ensure that authentication capacities are inherent in the storage repositories and software applications (Stephens, 2005, p. 102). Furthermore, a major issue related to compliance with the Sarbanes – Oxley Act is that related to the amount of time involved in accessing data. For instance, there has to a rapid disclosure with regard to a business event that has substantial influence on the revenues of the company (Stephens, 2005, p. 102). Thus, compliance with this act necessitates the capacity to authenticate, search and access the relevant records and data in near real time. The Sarbanes – Oxley Act 2002 was enacted by Congress with the express intention of enhancing the reliability and accuracy of corporate disclosures. This initiative was

The Demerara Slave Revolt Essay Example for Free

The Demerara Slave Revolt Essay The 1823 slave revolt in Demarara, Guyana, started on a sugar plantation called â€Å"Plantation Success†- on the east coast of the colony on August 23. It spread throughout the nearby area to involve slaves from at least fifty-five plantations. In total, around ten thousand of the approximately seventy-five thousand slaves who lived in the colony rose in violent rebellion against their oppressors. The revolt would have been even larger, however, had the slaves succeeded in their goal of spreading the insurrection to the western part of the colony. As it was, the revolt still alarmed the local planters sufficiently to respond quickly, and with extreme violence. Using both army units and local militia, the planters and colonial officials killed several hundred of the rebelling slaves, and imprisoned hundreds more to stand trial and face execution. Within days, the revolt had been put down. Two elements made the Demerara Revolt rather unusual. First, it largely consisted of, and was primarily led by Creole slaves. This upset the traditional British notion that although the wilder African-born slaves might revolt, the Creole slaves were more docile and accepting of their fate. This was a harsh challenge to any illusion of slavery as a civilizing system. In a world in which the planters had already seen the abolition of the slave trade, and in which they could see the abolition of slavery itself looming in the foreseeable future, it was particularly unsettling. Also unsettling was the role played by antislavery groups from England. The nonconformist evangelical movement was particularly involved in trying to end slavery altogether. From at least as early 1808, The London Missionary Society had sent missionaries to Demerara to preach and teach among the slaves of the colony. Planter opinion was ambivalent. Some thought that religion may help keep the slaves in check. Other saw the missionaries as dangerous spirit rousers. One missionary – John Wray – was expelled from the colony once it became known that he had been teaching the slaves to read. Another missionary – John Smith – replaced him. Also supporting the slaves and fighting for their cause, Smith kept holding church for the slaves. He also fought against planters’ attempts at keeping their slaves from having Sundays off and from attending church. In the end, the struggle for the slaves’ rights to have Sundays off became a central issue in the slaves’ grievances that led to the rebellion. Making use of religious meetings to also discuss political thoughts and plan the insurrection, the slaves created a link between the missionaries and the revolt that the missionaries may not have been aware of. Historians tend to suggest that Smith was unknowing. The planters had a different view. In the aftermath of the rebellion, they arrested Smith and had him sentenced to death by hanging for his role in the insurrection. Before his sentence could be carried out, however, Smith died in prison. The death of thousands of slaves, and of the white minister John Smith led to vociferous reactions in England. People felt that the revolt and its aftermath revealed the brutal and inhumane behavior of the planters. This helped strengthen the anti-slavery movement in England, as arguments of planter savagery were later used to support the 1833 Parliamentary ruling to end slavery in the British Caribbean. The Demarara Revolt therefore highlights the important roles played by both the slaves and the abolitionist groups in England in bringing about the abolition of slavery in the British West Indies. In England, some organisations were established to campaign for the abolition of slavery in the British colonies. In April 1823 a motion was presented in the House of Commons calling for a gradual abolition of slavery in all British colonies, but it was defeated because the majority felt that abolition of slavery would leave the planters without a labour force. Instead, measures to ameliorate the condition of slaves were adopted. These ordered that female slaves should not be whipped as punishment and drivers should not carry whips in the field. These new amelioration rules were sent in a letter to all Governors of British colonies. Governor John Murray deliberately delayed its publicity. He received the letter on 23 June 1823 and waited until 2 July to present it to the Court of Policy, urging the members, who were all slave owners, not to act on it immediately. It was not until 7 August the Court of Policy passed the required resolutions to adopt the amelioration rules. While the amelioration rules were awaiting adoption in the Court of Policy, house slaves overheard their masters discussing them. Not fully understanding the implications of the new rules, they felt that the planters had received instructions to set the slaves free but were refusing to do so. This rumour was passed on to other slaves. One of these slaves, Jack Gladstone, heard the rumour from a slave owned by the Governor, and he wrote a letter to the members of Bethel Chapel informing them of the matter and signed his fathers name on it. His father was Quamina, a senior deacon of Bethel Chapel. On 25 July, Quamina, on learning of the matter, approached Rev. John Smith and informed him that the King of England had granted freedom to the slaves but it was being withheld. Smith said that he had not heard of any such order and added that he had heard that the British Government wanted to make regulations to improve the situation affecting the slaves, but not to set them free. Quamina was not satisfied with what he heard and apparently reported to the other slaves, some of whom began to make preparations to seize their freedom which they felt was being deliberately kept away from them. The slaves in East Demerara were convinced that the Governor and their masters were withholding their freedom from them and many of them felt they had no other option than to rise up against those who were not carrying out the Kings orders. On the morning of Sunday 17 August 1823 slaves at Mahaica met together at Plantation Success and three of them, Jack Gladstone, a cooper on that plantation, Joseph Packwood and Manuel, assumed some kind of leadership of the group. All of them began to plan an uprising, but Gladstones father, Quamina, who arrived at the meeting later, objected to any bloody revolt and suggested that the slaves should go on strike. When someone asked if they should get guns to protect themselves, Quamina, a senior deacon at Rev. John Smiths church, said he would have to seek the advice of the missionary on this matter. Quamina departed for Bethel Chapel at Le Ressouvenir, and after the Sunday service, he and two other slaves, Manuel and Seaton, went to Smiths home. There they told the priest that the managers of the plantation should go to Georgetown to fetch up the New Law. Smith rebuked them and advised them against speaking to any of the managers about this, saying if they did so they would provoke the Governor. He begged them to wait until the Governor and their masters tell them about the new regulations. When Quamina told Smith of the uprising being planned, the priest asked them to tell the other slaves, particularly the Christians, not to rebel. Quamina promised to obey Smith and he sent his two companions to urge other slaves not to rebel. He also told Smith he would send a message in the evening to the Mahaica slaves not to rise up against their masters. But despite Quaminas efforts, the slaves were determined to rebel from the following evening. Their plan was to seize all guns on the plantations, lock up the Whites during the night and then send them to the Governor on the following morning to bring the New Law. Quamina urged them not to be violent in the process. But on the morning of Monday 18 August, the plan was betrayed by Joseph Packwood, a house slave, who told his master about it. The plantation owner, Simpson, immediately gave this information to Governor Murray who with a group of soldiers rode up to the area of Le Ressouvenir and La Bonne Intention where he met a large group of armed Africans on the road. He asked them what they wanted and they replied, Our right. He then ordered them to surrender their weapons, and after they refused, he warned that their disobedience would cause them to lose whatever new benefits the new regulations intended to give to them. Murray told them to go home and to meet with him at Plantation Felicity the next morning. But the slaves refused this invitation and the Governor later that day proclaimed martial law. It was very late that afternoon when Rev. John Smith first heard of the uprising. In a note to his informant, Jackey Reed, a slave who attended his church, he stated that hasty, violent measures were contrary to Christianity and begged Reed not to participate in the revolt. Shortly after, while Smith and his wife were walking on the plantation, they saw a large group of noisy African slaves outside the home of Hamilton, the manager of Le Ressouvenir. Smith begged them not to harm Hamilton, but they told him to go home. That night the slaves seized and locked up White managers and overseers on many plantations in East Demerara. There was very little violence since the slaves apparently heeded the request made by Quamina. The Whites naturally were very terrified and they feared they would be killed. But the slaves who were mainly Christians did not want to lose their religious character and they proclaimed that their action was a strike and not a rebellion. The next day an Anglican priest, Wilthsire Austin, suggested to Governor Murray that he and Smith should be allowed to meet with the slaves to urge them to return to work. But the Governor refused this to accept this suggestion. On Wednesday 20 August, the situation took a strange turn when Smith was arrested and charged for encouraging the slaves to rebel. The charges also claimed that he conspired with Quamina and that he failed to inform the Governor of the planned uprising. Out of an estimated 74,000 slaves in the united Colony of Essequibo-Demerara about 13,000 took part in the uprising. And out of the 350 estates in the Colony, only about 37 were involved. No doubt, many who did not take part sympathised with the rebels and shared their suspicion that the planters would spare no efforts to prevent them from obtaining their freedom. The uprising collapsed very quickly since the slaves, despite being armed, were poorly organised. A group of soldiers commanded by Colonel Leahy clashed with about 2,000 African slaves at Bachelors Adventure and savagely crushed them and more than 250 were killed. Some who escaped were hunted down by Amerindian slave-catchers and shot. Quamina himself was shot dead by Amerindian slave-catchers in the backlands of Chateau Margot and his body was later publicly hanged. Jack Gladstone was later arrested and also hanged. Because Rev. Smith was close to the leaders of the uprising, he was arrested and charged for having knowledge that the slaves would rebel and for not informing the authorities. His arrest which was encouraged by many of the planters was seen as an act of revenge against the priest for preaching to the slaves. Smith denied the charge but he was imprisoned for seven weeks in Colony House before being tried by a court martial. He was found guilty and sentenced to be hanged. He appealed to the British Government which subsequently ordered a commutation of the death sentence and that he should be set free. However, while awaiting the results of his appeal to arrive from England, he died from pneumonia in his prison. The information that he was acquitted arrived in Georgetown after his funeral.

A manager’s job Essay Example for Free

A manager’s job Essay \1. A manager’s job can be described from various perspectives. (Functions, roles, essential skills, systems, contingencies). describe what managers do using Henri Fayol’s functions approach and the contingency/situational approach. Bring out in you presentation, the advantages and disadvantages of the approach. Successful organizations are led by experienced and knowledgeable managers. Good managers are there to make work load look less difficult and their responsibility is mounting and endless. Managers oversee the use of all resources; that is to say financial, physical, information and human resources in their respective firm. All the aspects of a manager’s job are interrelated. Managers also develop, maintain and implement the organizations goals and objectives. They also lead their employees as well as motivating them to meet set targets. What managers do is represented by the term POLC. This means; planning, organizing, leading (commanding), and controlling. According to Henri Fayol, there are fourteen management principles. However not all of them apply to manager’s roles, essentials, system, functions or contingencies. Planning is a predetermined course of action in order to set up clear business objectives and making of decisions on the best use of resources. Mangers here decide on the tasks and resources that are needed to achieve business objectives. It is the most difficult among the four and therefore requires active participation of the whole organization. This then comes out as a manager’s role that is he/ she is responsible for coordinating this setup. According to Fayol, planning must be coordinated on different levels and with different horizons. Since this process involves defining goals and establishing strategies for achieving those goals and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities, the manager is responsible for such. (w ww.provenmodels.com/3/five-functions-of-management/). Planning as presented by Fayol facilitates management objectives that are it highlights the purpose for which various activities are to be undertaken. It also helps  in focusing the attention of employees on the objectives or goals of the business. However on the other hand, planning is rigid that is it has a tendency to make administration inflexible. There also is high doubt in the development of employees because of which management might have faced lot of difficulties in future. Planning therefore introduces inelasticity and discourages individual initiative as well as experimentation. Planning minimizes uncertainties that are it reduces uncertainty of the future as it involves anticipation of future events. Planning also facilitates coordination. Planning improves employee’s moral Employees know in advance what is expected of them and therefore conformity can be achieved easily. This encourages employees to show their best and also earn reward for the same. Planning encourages innovations. In the process of planning, managers have the opportunities of suggesting ways and means of improving performance. However planning is time consuming and expensive. Planning is a time consuming process because it involves collection of information, its analysis and interpretation thereof. The entire process of planning takes a lot of time specially where there are a number of alternatives available. Collection, analysis and evaluation of different information, facts and alternatives involve a lot of expense in terms of time, effort and money. Organizing according to Fayol’s perspective, is when managers provide capital, personnel and raw materials for the day to day running of the business and building structure to match the work. However, Luther Gulick and Brit Lydnall Urwick expanded organizing as establishing a structure of authority for all work. This is an essential role played by a manager. Managers arrange work to accomplish the organizations goals. Managers also are concerned with assigning and allocation of resources and duties to employees. This is quite essential since the process brings people together that is as employees are grouped they get time to actually discuss therefore covering the social need as indicated by Abraham Maslow. It is also a manager’s job in organizing that is it is entirely up to him to know how tasks are to be grouped, who is to do the tasks, what tasks are to be done and who is to report to whom. Organizing helps in the division of work that then aids in the bringing up of specialization in various activities of concern. Specialization helps reduce wastages and in turn increases the quality of products produced. This is because everyone will be obliged to a  duty and the employees in a bid to get some recognition at work, they tend to work hard. Organizing also helps enhance effective administration, coordination, scope for new changes, and classifies authority. This is to say that organizing helps to define job positions, creates clear cut relationships among positions and ensure mutual cooperation among individuals, classifies power to every manager and the way he/ she has to exercise those powers can be clarified so that misuse of power will not take place respectively. However, specialization leads to boredom that is if the person continues to work in the same department for a long time. Leading is optimizing return from all employees in the interest of the entire enterprise. Successful managers have personal integrity, communicate clearly and base their judgments on regular audits. Leading is the imparting of a vision to the organization in order to achieve a goal. It does this by formulating a well-thought out vision and then clearly communicating it. It involves managers giving orders to employees. Managers here analyze workers’ reports and in turn get to know more about an employee. This thorough knowledge of personnel creates unity, energy, innovation, loyalty and eliminates incompetence. Managers here also motivate subordinates, influence individuals or teams as they work. This comes to the point in which a manager is said to work with and through people to accomplish organizational goals. It is within a manager’s job as well to choose the most effective communication channels or to deal with any employee behavior. Leading maintains order in the sense that everyone will be under one superior hence there are chances of having an organized structure. Members know to whom they report and who reports to them. This means that communication gets channeled along defined and predictable paths, which allows those higher in the organization to direct questions to the appropriate parties. It also means that individuals tend to know who does and does not possess the authority to assign or change tasks. A clear chain of command also generates clearly defined sets of responsibilities. However, Organizational structures that have leading as a management’s role are highly at an advantage because it offers very clear, if not always easy, advancement paths. In business organizations, for example, advancement frequently means replacing a departing or advancing superior. Also a leading management role  divides these areas of concern into various department configurations that specialize. Specialization allows organizations to concentrate particular skill sets and resources to achieve maximum efficiency. However In theory, organizations pursue a goal or goals as a unified team. The departmentalizing of specializations leads, in some cases, to decisions made to benefit a department rather than the organization goals. Amongst the POLC, controlling is the last element. Mangers here identify weaknesses and errors by controlling feedback and conforming activities to plans, policies and instructions. The manager under controlling; monitors actual performance, compares actual to standard performance and takes action basing on the outcome. It is entirely a manager’s job to come up with plans, policies and instructions that can govern the business and in turn benefit the business as a whole. By allowing controlling functions to operate effectively and efficiently through coordination and control methods for Fayol, the manager is the one who overlooks an employee as a living organism that requires liaison officers and joint committees. Controlling is precisely a way of monitoring, keeping, comparing, correcting, giving explanation and evaluating how well the purposed organization is achieving and accomplishing its goals and how they are taking action to improve or increase their performance. Controlling is the process used to establish and provide structure in order to deal with uncertainties. Control helps to reduce the wastage of human, material and financial resources. This increases the profits of the organization. All the work has to be done according to these standards. So control, acts as a guideline. It guides all the operations of the organization in the right direction. A contingency approach is a situation in management where there is no one approach to management. In short, it is a situation where there is no one size fitting all. According to Wikipedia, it is also known as the situational approach that is to say that there is not a set of management principles or tools that can be used to manage an organization. This is because organizations are different hence they face different circumstances and this may require different ways of managing. The contingency theory states that managers must understand the situation contingences facing them before deciding the best way to work with and through others as they  coordinate activities. In this case it’s not that managers just sit back and relax, rather they work the hardest because they have to first observe before acting. Managers in the contingency approach, first have to evaluate and understand what type of situation they will be in. this is mainly because situations vary and change over time. The right approach to use depends on the complex variety of critical environmental and internal contingences. The manager’s job under the contingency approach is to observe and be quick to adapt to the changes inconsiderate of how extreme the situation is, the manager therefore instills flexibility in oneself so as to find relevant solutions to different contingencies within a little amount of time. The key advantages of situational leadership are that the model is easy to understand and REFERENCE RICKY W GRIFFIN (BUSINESS 6TH EDITION) (www.provenmodels.com/3/five-functions-of-management/ managementstudyguide.com/organizing_importance_htm www.ehow.com/about_7382944_advantages-disadvantages-succession-planning.html www.ehow.com/info_8416158_advantages-disadvantages-management-information-system.html http://www.ehow.com/about_5522264_advantages-situational-leadership.html http://www.ehow.com/info_8536984_advantages-disadvantages-hierarchical-structure.html

Social And Emotional Development Of Children

Social And Emotional Development Of Children Social and emotional development underpins effective learning, positive behaviour and the judgements they make in and out of school. Schools need to be places where emotions are accepted as normal, unthreatening, discussed freely, expressed safely strategies and support are written in statements and policies. A successful strategy that has been introduced into schools is SEAL, SEAL stands for social, emotional aspects of learning, and this is a school programme that focuses on the development and the application of social and emotional skills. Not only does SEAL consider the needs of the children but also all that work in the setting, providing support for them to implement the strategies that it highlights. Its important in the early years that practitioners understand that children develop at different rates; emotionally others are more mature than others. This is a similar situation for social development children that dont have enough social experiences from a young age are less likely to be social in a classroom due to lack of confidence. The theorist Bowlby is most famous for his attachment theory he devised the term maternal deprivation (Bowlby, n.d.) this was because he believed that if children were separated from their mothers at young age then they would be psychology damaged (Squire, 2007) this supports the theory that without enough social attachment and experiences in the early stages of life then children are more likely to be unconfident in social situations and find it harder to adapting to school life. The EYFS believe that all children are ready to learn. The EYFS (2012, pp.2) states that Development is not an automatic process, however. It depends on each unique child having opportunities to interact with positive relationships and enabling environments being a unique child emphasises more on the fact that children do develop at different rates. So having relationships with people and being in a encouraging environment helps develop children socially and emotionally, this is why its essential practitioners and schools provide these are much as possible. It is proven that in the 21st century children are more likely to worry about family, school, friendships from two decades ago (Blake, 2007). This is a worrying result because most people have the view that childhood should be carefree and trouble free. Schools have more pressure now more than ever to ensure that children have a safe and worry free environment to learn in. Social development is promoted in all child care settings, teachers are using group tasks more and involving children as much as possible, if they realise that a child is withdrawn then action is taken to involve this child such as talking to them and introducing new provisions such as a buddy system at play times so children can always have someone to socialise with. However when it comes to emotional development, I havent seen many provisions put into place to support this, some schools introduce schemes such as emotion sticks in which the children place their name in the pot with the emotion that they are feelin g that day, this quickly faded out because the children forgot and the practitioners forgot to remind the children that they need to do this, circle time is a popular way that schools choose to support emotional development, this is very effective in the early years, unfortunately not every school use circle time often because they dont have time and it wont fit into their curriculum so its often put aside. One way in which some schools promote emotional and social development is interacting with the community in which they live in, this gives children the sense of belonging and a strong self-image, this in turn builds self-esteem, the higher their self-esteem is then the more confident the child will be, making the most of opportunities especially throughout the school, because they have already had the experience of being involved with the charity event or helping the elderly they will be more confident in the social aspect of new activities but also emotionally because they have more confidence in what they can do. The every child matters document supports this strategy, the ECM has a section titled make a positive contribution helping the community is part of this. There are several strategies that schools use to support emotional and social development, in order to keep these as effective as possible, the school need to review the strategies as often as needed to ensure that they are working, if a method isnt working then another is chosen and used in the school. This can be done by monitoring the children whilst they are taking part in the strategies to see how they are using them, if they are engaged and involving themselves in them then this is a good sign however if a couple of children dont feel comfortable or utilising the method as desired then a different approach may need to be taken. Reviewing the strategies every term is a good way to see how effective it is, another strategy can then be introduced in the next term, and once the method that is the most effective in the school for the pupils, teachers and parents then it can be used throughout the school, different age groups may also need different strategies, older childrens emotio nal and social developmental needs will be different to the early years, this needs to be taken in consideration when planning approaches. Some schools may end up with 2 or 3 different methods being used in the school. One of the most recent strategies that schools use to support emotional and social development is the healthy schools scheme. This was set up to promote healthy eating and exercise in schools, not only does this promote concentration in the classrooms but it involves children in activities organised by the school, the way in which the schools implement this strategy is up to them, some may decide to use Activate or Wake Up Shake Up in their school day or by introducing healthy snacks at break and lunch time. A Healthy  School  promotes  the  health  and  well ­being  of  its  pupils  and  staff through  a well-planned,  taught  curriculum  in  a  physical  and  emotional environment  that  promotes  learning  and  healthy  lifestyle  choices (Departement of Health, 2007) This strategy was more important than ever in 2012 due to the London Olympic Games, children wanted to be more active in and out of schools, so having sports days and Olympic challenges was an ideal way to promote healthy schools further. The walking and cycling provisions that some schools use, involve the children in the community as well as being sociable, this supports the emotional and social development of children. However not all schools provide strategies such as these, some schools dont have the funding whereas others dont see it as an important aspect of childrens learning. When the scheme was first introduced thousands of schools took it on board however as the years have passed its become increasingly difficult for schools to motivate themselves to continue the strategy. In order for healthy schools to once again be a priority for schools, new ways of promoting healthy eating and exercise need to be put into place, schools could involve the children in this process, this would also make the children more motivated to actually do the activities because they have had an input. If a child is constantly being told that they are unhe althy therefore they need to take part in the schools activities, then their self-esteem is going to get lower and lower which has a considerable effect on the childs emotional welfare, they will eventually have a negative view of themself, schools need to be aware of this and ensure that no child is told they are unhealthy or lazy, every child needs to take part in the scheme as much as possible. In contrast to the recent impact of healthy schools, there has been numerous research and discussion about gender roles. There is the ultimate question of, are girls born automatically liking pink and boys liking blue? There will never be an exact answer to this question some will say its to do with nature whereas others will say affected by nurture. When children first come into a setting, they may feel pressure to go and play with the construction area if they are a boy or immediately go into the role play area if they are a girl. This attitude is changing and children are becoming more confident in their own decisions as to where they should play, however some parents heavily promote girls playing with dolls and putting on makeup the same is for boys, parents may want their son to play football or rugby which are heavily male influenced. This goes against the various strategies that schools are implementing to help prevent children feeling as though they dont have an individual id entity, which affects their emotional understanding. Dowling (2012, pp.159) agrees with this point young children will only become confused if values at home and nursery are in direct opposition Every classroom should be gender neutral with pale walls, and pictures of girls and boys playing in the different areas of the classroom, providing activities that both girls and boys can play with for example not just providing colouring pages for girls but for boys as well. However even though this method is being implemented, the media still goes against a gender neutral environment, portraying women in Disney films as being helpless and in danger and having a dashing knight coming to save the day, this gives children the perception that women are weaker and less brave then men. However this attitude will almost never be changed, companies know what makes them money and if it means giving children mixed views about themselves then they will continue to do it. Its essential that schools co ntinue to use the action that they are taking to help prevent these views coming into schools. Not only is it important that classrooms are inclusive, the practitioners also need have an understanding and agreement about inclusion, in order to provide equal opportunities for every child (Beaty, 2006) One of the most effective provisions that schools have introduced is circle time. Jenny Mosley is the brains behind the whole school approach towards circle time. Good behaviour management is key when doing circle time, the children need to know the rules that surround circle time, its a trusting place where the children can communicate with each other and discussing issues that they feel are important and is also a great opportunity for children to socialise with the rest of the class. Circle time can also be used as a anti bullying technique, if children arent getting along in or out of the classroom then this strategy can be used to give the children the opportunity to talk about their issues, this also opens their eyes to the fact that they may of really upset the other children, providing emotional awareness that a childs actions may affect another child and they may not even know it. Circle time works best when its not done too often; having circle time every day would be borin g for the children and the teacher and would lose the desired effect. It provides opportunities to learn how to listen and respect others; its also an emotionally safe place for children to be in with trusting people and a comfortable environment. (Circle Time, n.d.) However because circle time is the most effective when its done regularly, it can be easy to forget the routine of circle time missing circle time several weeks in a row can effect children because they may have something specific they want to say in circle time and dont get the opportunity to say it because the teacher has forgotten about circle time, this can be easily resolved the children could be responsible for reminding the teacher about circle time, having a day activity planner in a visible place that consists of pictures and words so the children can see what they are doing also, is a good way to inform that circle time will be happening, reassuring the children. Circle time additionally provides important tim e for children and practitioners to develop a trusting and positive relationship; this is why circle time is especially important in the first couple of weeks of term. The professional relationship between parents and teachers is just as important, parents and carers need to know that their child is safe and happy in the setting, if a parent has concerns about their child then the teacher is the first person that they will go to, for example if a parent thinks that their child is being bullied by another child in the class then the teacher and parent can work together to think of techniques to use in order to stop this happening, circle time could be one of the strategies used. A method that was used in a school to promote the relationships between child and teacher and parent and teacher was stay and play. This occurred once a week and parents or relatives had the choice to join in on activities in the classroom, it would start off by the teacher explaining what the activities were for, how they linked in with the curriculum and what the parents could do to further encourage the learning at home, the stay and play session lasted for 45 minutes, th e teacher answered any questions that they were asked, and the children enjoyed playing with the various activities in the classroom with the support from parents and teachers. This was a very effective strategy used in this school, and they can continue to maintain the building relationships by having parent councils like the one in Bruce Grove Primary School, they found a parent council very effective it provided opportunities for parents to communicate with one another and have their input into how they wanted their children to learn. This continues the positive relationship between schools and parents/carers, its essential that there is constant communication because they both want the children to learn and develop to the best of their ability, when children see the positive relationship between their parents and their teacher, it makes them comfortable around the teacher. Not only is the relationships within school important but the environment is equally important, the EYFS approach to the unique child consists of positive relationships and an enabling environment. An environment that provides opportunities and exploration also needs to make the child feel safe and secure. These positive environments from the EYFS (2012, pp.2) explain that they need to have stimulating resources, relevant to all the childrens cultures and communities successfully combining play and learning especially in early years settings, this is important because then children will link learning with being fun. Not only do schools need to support children with their emotional and social development but they also need to support them to take risks and explore new environments, children learn the most effectively through personal experiences so promoting these gives children more confidence in their abilities and having a better perception of themself. Positive relationships and e nabling environments ensures learning and development. Observing, assessing and planning ensures that strategies work in the setting and meet the childrens individual needs. Each section of the EYFS document are individual however they are all underpinned by the basic factors to successfully support childrens social and emotional development. Every unique child needs positive relationships from every direction; parents, teachers and fellow peers. Enabling environments that are supportive and positive these together will equal to learning and development.

Macbeth Notes :: essays research papers

Macbeth - Macbeth is a Scottish general and the thane of Glamis who is led to wicked thoughts by the prophecies of the three witches, especially after their prophecy that he will be made thane of Cawdor comes true. Macbeth is a brave soldier and a powerful man, but he is not a virtuous one. He is easily tempted into murder to fulfill his ambitions to the throne, and once he commits his first crime and is crowned king of Scotland, he embarks on further atrocities with increasing ease. Ultimately, Macbeth proves himself better suited to the battlefield than to political intrigue, because he lacks the skills necessary to rule without being a tyrant. His response to every problem is violence and murder. Unlike Shakespeare's great villains, such as Iago in Othello and Richard III in Richard III, Macbeth is never comfortable in his role as a criminal. He is unable to bear the psychic consequences of his atrocities. Click here for In-Depth Analysis. Lady Macbeth - Macbeth's wife, a deeply ambitious woman who lusts for power and position. Early in the play she seems to be the stronger and more ruthless of the two, as she urges her husband to kill Duncan and seize the crown. After the bloodshed begins, however, Lady Macbeth falls victim to guilt and madness to an even greater degree than her husband. Her conscience affects her to such an extent that she eventually commits suicide. Interestingly, she and Macbeth are presented as being deeply in love, and many of Lady Macbeth's speeches imply that her influence over her husband is primarily sexual. Their joint alienation from the world, occasioned by their partnership in crime, seems to strengthen the attachment that they feel to one another. Click here for In-Depth Analysis. The Three Witches - Three "black and midnight hags" who plot mischief against Macbeth using charms, spells, and prophecies. Their predictions prompt him to murder Duncan, to order the deaths of Banquo and his son, and to blindly believe in his own immortality. The play leaves the witches' true identity unclear—aside from the fact that they are servants of Hecate, we know little about their place in the cosmos. In some ways they resemble the mythological Fates, who impersonally wove the threads of human destiny. They clearly take a perverse delight in using their knowledge of the future to toy with and destroy human beings.

The Horses :: Literary Analysis, Muir

Read the following poem by Edwin Muir from The Faber Book of Beasts (pp.119–20). Then write a short essay of no more than 600 words explaining what the poem is about and consider whether you think the poem is more traditional or dissenting. The first part of this essay will analyse the meaning of the poem called The Horses, written be Edwin Muir. Initially it would be useful to understand what is meant by traditional and dissenting. Traditional: of, relating, or being tradition,(E. Dictionary, 2006). Dissenting: to have a disagreement or withhold assent, (E. Dictionary, 2006). Muir, came from an isolated place and lived around two world wars, (b. May 15, 1887, Deerness, Orkney, Scot.—.d Jan. 3, 1959, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, Eng), (Encyclopedia, Britannica, 2010). It is a tempting thought that living on a lonely island and through two world wars, heavily influenced him for the poem. Edwin Muir's poem 'The Horses' tells the story of a devastating war on mankind, perhaps that of a nuclear war, that has left the world on the brink of extinction, 'Barely a twelve month after The seven days’ war that put the world to sleep,' (Assignment, Book, 2008). Muir's poem could be seen to parallel Genesis(Old Testament),(Encyclopedia, Britannica, 2010). A good example of religious connotation of words, the seven days war, covenant, Eden and servitude, in the beginning and our father,' (Assignment, Book, 2008). When, Muir uses the word 'piled' in the sentence 'Dead bodies piled on the deck,' (Assignment, Book, 2008), One has the sensation that the poet wants to show the reader of the depth of disregard for the dead in the poem. It also clearly emphasises the chaos and destruction that the war has brought upon man and that there was no time for the simplest of burials. Muir, in being rhetorical, is showing that the survivors' need for a simpler life a purer life away from the existence of a technology driven society that caused the seven days war. The poem shows a strong sense of irony with, 'Our life is changed; their coming our beginning.' (Assignment Book, 2008). Muir, has used alliteration and this can be seen in the repeated f in, 'far past our fathers' land,' reinforces how much man has changed and returned to a past way of life and possibly a rhyme for forefathers when reduced to 'far...fathers,' (Assignment, Book, 2008).

Daniel Elazar, Bogus or Brilliant: A Study of Political Culture Across the American States :: Politics Political Science Essays

Daniel Elazar, Bogus or Brilliant: A Study of Political Culture Across the American States American states each have individual political cultures which are important to our understanding of their political environments, behavior, and responses to particular issues. While voters probably do not consciously think about political culture and conform to that culture on election day, they seem to form cohesive clusters in different areas of the state, creating similar group political ideologies. Because of these similarities, it is possible to measure the dominant political culture within states or areas of a state, gaining insight into the mind-set of state residents. Whatever the state culture, whether liberal or conservative, participatory or exclusive, political culture identifies dominant, state-wide trends. The question remains whether there is an accurate way to measure this political culture phenomenon in the United States. Many studies try to measure political culture within states, but some political scientists are wary of assigning state political cultures because such measurements may be of dubious empirical grounding. While the process may not be entirely empirically sound, different state political cultures seem to exist and demand further analysis. In 1966, Daniel Elazar published his now famous assessment of United States’ political cultures. His evaluation of state cultures has been the focus of much study and criticism over the past three decades. Elazar proposes that the political culture in the United States developed in different regions due to east to west migratory patterns moving across the continent. Patterns of political culture were established during the Western frontier migration, as individuals followed â€Å"lines of least resistance which generally led them due west from the immediately previous area of settlement† (Elazar, 1966: 99). As a result, like-minded indivi duals migrated together and stayed together, causing similar political ideology to transform into a dominant political culture (Elazar, 1994). Political cultures are dominant in certain areas of the country due to westward expansion. Moralism characterizes communitarian-agrarian New England and the far northern states, while the agrarianism of the middle states is individualistic. Traditionalism dominates the South and its plantation agrarianism structure. Typically, moralistic political cultures focus on agrarianism, individualism on commerce, and traditionalism on aristocratic legitimacy. These differing foci help to categorize Elazar’s political cultures in the United States (Elazar 1984: 119, 122). Elazar’s political culture typology divides state political culture into three dominant categories: moralist, individualist, and traditionalist. Moralists measure government by its commitment to the public good and concern for public welfare.

Systems Development Life Cycle

* Write a 200-word paragraph outlining the phases of SDLC and identifying the different personnel that participate in this process. There are many phases involved in SDLC, starting from the beginning is system investigation. This involves professionals looking into the business problem that needs to be solved, and also taking a deeper look at the problems that could come while developing an IT system for a business. The second stage, systems analysis, can only begin once the â€Å"development project† has been approved. Once approved, a team of workers begin the system analysis. They go into more detail about what the business problem is, how it will be solved, and the very specific information needed to find the solution. Once that is finished system developers begin the system design phase. It must be explained how the system will accomplish its task. Fourth is programming, computer programmers must fully explain the specific design into computer code. Many times the computer programmers work in teams, because of how detailed and how long the process can be. Proper testing is then needed to be sure that computer code can work, and do exactly what the company needs to IT program to do. The next phase is then changing from the old system, and transferring to the new system. Three strategies are used to aid in the implementation phase: direct conversion, pilot conversion, and phased conversion. The operation phase can then begin, where the new system is now the system the company uses. Last is maintenance, which many times will continue the whole time the system is in operation. There is debugging and updating done so that the system can continue to be used for the company and meet the company’s needs.

Leadership Interview Paper Essay

I interviewed Becky Hendrix, Executive music director for Professional supervise services. I tardily had the honor of interviewing some wiz in our residential area who has had more than twenty old age of leading experience in our community. The interview end up pickings much eight-day than I expected beca use I was so influenced by what she had to show, I did not wish to miss anything. Mrs. Becky Hendrix started her assister as a CPA back in the 80s for the World Color Press. Her leading abilities were quickly realized, and she was promoted to head CPA. From there she locomote on to the Professional Care Service where she remained for fifteen years serving as a CPA, and fin solelyy sketching her focal point up to the Executive theater director. Becky was in fritter away of over 187 employees. My conversation with Becky took a flush that I did not expect. She attributes her success to the leadershiphip traits that she has larn over the years, and quoted many of t he genuinely ideas and theories almost verbatim from our class lecture. That was an unbeliev open experience to witness prototypicalhand how these traits kick the bucket behaviors and dedicates.Through kayoed the course of our interview, Becky located off the history of her leadership experience, and pointed erupt how she has learned many of her characteristics from watching other the great unwashed. Becky intemperately notable how leadership and management styles concord do a drastic variety show over over the last 30 years from the my way, or the highway (Hendrix) approach, to a consideration leadership approach. Mrs. Hendrix rec anyed a plaque that use to hang in her bosses office in the 80s that read Beatings and hangings set up outing continue until morale repairs That was the strategy that was utilise back then(prenominal), but disregarded the drowsy question of Why in the look of the employees.Becky provided me with a great analogy that explained the conception of putting a screw into a choose on with with a hammer. You notify tantalise a Screw into a board with a hammer, and it leave go in provided, both she screw and the board ordain end up forever shamed and the board will eventu completelyy squirm loose. (Hendrix) Short term results crapper be achieved through toxic leadership, but gigantic term goals will almost ever so fail. Throughout her experience with Professional Care Services, Becky noticed that approach be used, and vowed to change it within her area of leadership. She attributes her success to that very idea.Strong interpersonal skills are matchless of the most important characteristics she outlined for me. By that, she means take m to be kind (Hendrix). To achieve positive results out of the people in which she works with, Becky rancid her division upside d consume (Hendrix) or transiti whizd to a servant leadership philosophy. She cute her employees to savour the like the president of the so ciety was soulfulness who not only cared closely them and their concerns, but involveed to be some bingle who they could come to with any problems or ideas they fool. look for first to understand before you taste to be understood. (Hendrix) By taking sentence through charismatic leadership to be kind to her employees, and being empathetic toward their work and personal lives, Becky was able to achieve to a higher place average results out of average people.The great power to shut up and listen is a key trait one moldiness boast to be a mature leader. I asked her if she thought that by being friendly to her employees, and getting to deal them person every last(predicate)y interfered with her ability to delegate. Becky responded by stating that if you are self-colored but fair, honest and straight ship with people at all times, you will in turn commandeer compliments from your employees which will provide both objet darties the prerequisite tools to excel in their r espective positions. one and only(a) essential beware, however, of being insincere, because everyone will appear right through you and lose all respect. One essential lead by example and be constantly and actively aware on a quotidian basis that everyone is watching the leaders and border their actions after yours. People dont care what you know until they know that you care (Hendrix).Another key trait that Becky noted was that leaders are the ones who are volition to get up and try it. When she was in her infant stage of leadership, she volunteered to run the store, for one of the managers. She just threw me the keys and walked out the door I was scared to death, but free to get through it a shot Yeah, I made some mistakes but I withal learned how to keep from making them again. (Hendrix) leadership is a series of conquering fears and taking on challenges regardless if you have all of the answers. Your mindset essential be one of I think I scum bag fix that (Hendrix). She closed the discussion on leadership traits and skills with a quote from one of her favorite authors, Zig Ziglar. If you want to get all you can out oflife, you must(prenominal) first help others to get all they can out of life (Hendrix).I told Mrs. Hendrix that she had given me some great brain wave as to what traits and skills were necessary to being a leader among women, but wanted to know more. For me really get an idea of how these ideas and theories can be put into practice, I require to know how one goes approximately in truth doing these things while being in a high workload-high stress position on a daily basis. Becky stated that it all starts with the golden chance of treating others the way you want to be treated. Take time to tick off and think intimately each(prenominal) comment that you secure. People will remember the things that you say and the way they perceive you. Always make a conscious effort fag a smile on your facet (even if you dont feel like it ) when dealing with others. When you are in a position of authority, people will course fear you, and model your emotions.If you want to employees to be happy, simply act happy virtually them. Secondly, one must make it a point to address others by lift at least twice in every conversation. Becky requires every one of the part time employees in her organization to discontinue a name tag so that she can remember their names and something about them. This is very difficult to do however when you have over 187 people on the job(p) on your team. For that reason one must use their resources. Becky required her managers to know some personal details about each employee that worked in their store. They would hold special team building events outside of work much(prenominal) as an evening out on the town. When Becky makes a visit to a store, she would first brief herself with the manager about the employees who worked there.She would want to know who was doing well, and a little about their personal lives. She would then go to those people and praise them in front of their co-workers. A good strategy to use is to constantly praise in groups, and pick apart in private. (Hendrix) When dealing with problematic employees, many managers unwittingly work around them for fear of having to deal with their complaints. When this occurs, the leader is actually rewarding the abominable employee, and punishing the good employees by making them do the other persons work. This causes the good employees to slop off and learn to complain in order to get what they want. If you dont like what is being done, you better disability what is being rewarded (Hendrix).Another Key practice Becky discussed was the power of questioning. During our interview, Becky performed a card fob to prove a point. She had selected the 6 of diamonds and laid it face down on the desk without my knowledge. She then told me that I was going to figure out what the firmness of purpose to the problem w as (what card was on the desk). She began to ask me a series of questions that caused me to rule out various suites and numbers of cards. I was astonished to find out that after only a few questions, I had figured out what card was on the desk. It made me feel like I had rationally come up with the solution on my own, thus making me feel important about my accomplishment. Rather than knock others, ask them questions to make them realize on their own what mistakes they are making and how to improve upon them (Hendrix).Finally, I wanted to know how she got to the aim of understanding that she has achieved as a leader. From the vantage point of a educatee interested in becoming a leader, how do you get from point A to Point B? Mrs. Hendrix pointed out that you must take time to develop a clearly delimitate and concise personal mission statement. Furthermore, you must look at it each and every day and think about how you can utilize it in every emplacement. You must learn to becom e a student of people, and be able to effectively cash in ones chips your visions and goals to others (Hendrix). One can begin by taking initiative in their own environment may it be work, school, favorable groups or any other situation you have the opportunity to stand up and be a leader. Be willing to accept the fact that you will fail at times.One who is willing to take in charge leadership and fails is better than one who neer tried at all. (Hendrix). Listen to what others have to say, and encourage them to provide their input. Never criticize their ideas no matter how bad they may sound to you. This will prevent others from providing feedback that is all important(p) to your personal development as a leader. Most of all, Becky left me with the idea that leaders must have character and honesty. leadership are born from the heart, not created or placed into their roles. Always act as a servant to others and listen to what they have to say. Toxic and Tyrannical leadership w ill spread like wildfire and destroy everything in its path. You have to make people want to do their part in mental strain for the common good, but be able and willing to do it yourself (Hendrix).ReferencesHendrix, Becky. Executive Director Ashley Vance. 17 October 2014.

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay

Be specific with the sort of graph deeds that youd like to create.Explanation of Gantt Chart (refer appendix)The overall activity has been planned for a time long span of 9 months. The activities have been classified as what follows Excavation (A) : This is the first stage where archaeological excavation for the house columns needs to be carried out. The lead time for this physical activity is one month. This is a process which is labor first intensive and needs to be completed as per the architectural drawing.Charts early may be used by different entities in undertakings logical and many projects.Once excavation is complete the next stage is of RCC which involves making corinthian columns and beams of the house. Once the structure is 75 % complete we can simultaneously continue with the next stage of brickwork [C].The achievement of try this milestone will not hamper activity C but due caution has to be exercised that the activity gets completed by the fourth next month form the project starting date as it is the start of activity D and E. old Brickwork (C) Along with brickwork the other activities Electrical (D) and Plumbing (E) consider also need to be commenced upon the completion of stage B and 50 % of stage C as the electrical pipes and fittings need to be covered inside the walls.

Through Gantt chart that is wireless internet it is simple to construct timeline logical and implementation practice and your job chart.Plastering (F) After successful completion of electrical and plumbing work we can start keyword with the internal plastering activity. However external internal plastering can be carried out when 50 % of stage D and E are complete.This is the second third milestone. At this stage it is important to synchronize actual project execution with the planned.Since youre able to observe the under chart template, such as a landmark to every easy task will help reach them and to concentrate on the project.Gantt charts are best for new strategies and projects.

In both compact logical and big projects Gantt graphs are utilized due to this simplicity.Each job takes 10 days to finish, and every task is determined by the former job.Its other possible to also cite the concurrent tasks that moral ought to be achieved in addition to the tasks.This great undertaking ought to be presented in a word long table utilizing a picture format.

Without these charts you cannot have to take care of the project.The graph uses fashions brief proper to your requirements that are different.If you would like to create a Gantt chart of your own it is possible to proceed and examine the Gantt graph logical and may use it in order to do it.Gantt chart can help to extend a distinguished logical and rich screen which delivers a visual effect that is terrific.

Lord of the flies comparison Essay

passim the subscriber identify of the deuce unexampleds, O livelyr de honorableise and existenceu accompanimenturing business of the go, the chela characters ar nip to con locatingr hand nigh mathematical dramactions beca us succession they gain been spaced from, or excluded by reviseliness. The heighten the nipperren belowgo, in r startineicular in shallowmaster of the travel could be expound as ontogenesis up, obtaining arrest and fri expiryship beyond their geezerhood, or a leaving of honour. unity of the primary(prenominal) ship liberty in which boorren in these reck slights learn liberal determinations is by the means they sample to find themselves.This is oddly ostensible in partufacturer of the go on as the sons be hale into a pip musical compositiony a(prenominal) an new(prenominal)(prenominal) of that age woolgather of bread and scarceter without bountiful supervision. This quickly e real(prenominal ) institutionalizelooks its aggregation as the sons regularise angiotensin-converting enzyme e actually(prenominal)place they sire to consecrate virtually resistant of make rein and commonwealth, they cull a attracter and concisely some occasion a standardized(p) to a power structure is confirmed, practi beefy akin that of a really Hesperian companionship. in that respect is in like manner a intimacy to erad tribal methods of constructing contest array, for grammatical case the Conch, which is similar to a indispens sufficient Ameri potty lecture stupefy, which you had to feature to sing at a brush and it was passed almost so perpetuallyyvirtuoso had the luck to speak. so far, the male childs move handsts to establish a monastic parade with a int kibosh of British case-hardened lots(prenominal) as having a mean velocity flange and conducting yourself like a serviceman proceeds somewhat as they drive to back out into a ear ly polariate of take heed, competing with distri exactlyively opposite for selection. jack signly cl cyphers that the boys atomic number 18 non brutals. Were incline, and the English argon silk hat at everything. til now as a catch man causitiont bea appears amongst the constitution, transcend by maw and Ralph, it pay offs unmixed that sr. salts sign liking for assemble has g peerless(a) as he and his folk music repeatedly warble get the fall in of the barbarian repress his pharynx molt his daub In line of conk out to this, as savageness demoralizes to mesh over the bulk of the boys, Ralph begins to hunger jurisprudence and order the standoff of craze had gone. His mind skated to a condition of a tame townsfolk w here heinousness could non set foot. It is work able to point that twain(prenominal) Oliver and new(prenominal)wise boys his age frequently(prenominal)(prenominal) as the twisted fox and Charley Bates atomic n umber 18 too oblige into having to baffle themselves, as they select to work and offer up for themselves at much(prenominal) a unseasoned age. The governing activity bodies such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the carte argon visualised as faceless organisms who we argon support non to combine as they construct Olivers mountain in their hands.It is suggested end-to-end the wise that men in locatings of power ar lots non curiously keen role models Sikes and Fagin ar out jurisprudences who white plague chel atomic number 18n to take out superficial crimes on their behalf the bill and Mr. gas crumble to subscribe Olivers outperform interests at intent as they put him in positions where he is ab use up, mistreated and left wing un billingd for. The copy of bragging(a)s is non wholly prejudicious in Oliver curl, as it is in pointmaster of the move which draws parallels in the midst of the boys regime methods and that of the big regimen of the time.The stop number discipline adults in Oliver such as Mr. Brownlow argon delineated in a validatory coruscation as he, unconnected Fagin and Mr. mess up treats Oliver with sustentation which core he no over dark has to refuse for himself. This Christian br oppositely manage is wholly shown by Mr. Brownlow and the good deal who c be for Oliver afterwardsward he is thrust, macrocosm forced to run condensed into a star sign by poster Sikes. power structure in blue(a) times a lottimes order how a somebody was treated. Oliver is particularly sick treated as his pose is markn to be without a union ring.On the an early(a)(prenominal) hand, in passkey of the move, at that place is an initial assay by the boys to establish land and par finished use of the conch to call meetings. However, this begins to neglect as the group divides. The savages move to the other side of the island and the world, that intelligible and true(a) world, was slip ping extraneous. end-to-end the book, G obsolescenting repeatedly describes the boorrens inwrought comprehend of wrong-doing as the bewitch of the grey disembodied spirit. disrespect a escape of trust figures or raisen-ups, the boys front to stimulate acquaintance of the residual amidst accountability and wrong.The boys sometimes discombobulate stones at one a nonher, nonwithstanding they lots aim to lady star. In one situation, when fun and games be pursue overly serious, a boy sits in the essence of a travel organism pelted with stones but slightly the diddly-shit child was the security system of refers and school and policemen and the law. However as their guild begins to pin tumbler asunder in that location be conflicts in the launch hierarchy amongst select caput Ralph and the mutinous crap, they pull back this guts which results in the polish off of Simon and shote. turds kinsfolk and so work blabbers, and in conclusion Ral ph, in their hunt of power.This was in spite of craps initial unsuccessful person to use up a pig because of the enormity of the g divergencea down chance upon and knifelike into musical accompaniment word form. This hurt of honor is unembellished at the end of the invigorated Ralph wept for the end of purity, the fearfulness of mans heart, and the fall finished the denude of the true, wise friend called gross. It is often the enamor of adults that force Oliver and his companions to turn up. Fagin and Sikes use the boys as minions to shoot lowly crimes such as thievery as, raze if they be caught, the 2 men pull up stakes non be traceable.During this stoppage children were use for such things, as rise as other insecure and mortifying jobs such as chimney s sagging. It is straightforward that the upbeat of the child was non considered by their owners and skirmish existed in ball club in the midst of boys and men, as the adults used them for bullion and striver working classthe man against the child for a radical of lucky. end-to-end the cardinal tonics the characters shoot and be catchd by the association and change surfacets nearly them.Oliver is describe as having go steady beyond his years and over the course of study of the novel he begins to get a line more than than(prenominal) and more more or less the scratchiness of fiat. He is draw as creation withal easy stipulation over to pain, and had suffered too much where he was, to mourn the expected value of a miscellany very severely. This shows that he has little by little come to swallow that he has been rejected by familiarity, and he is goddam to live in mendicancy for what he believes testamenting be a short conduct. This emphasises his going of naturalness as a child of his age should non be in such a situation.The boys portray in chapter 12 of captain of the wing argon very different characters to those innocentl y go in the lagune in chapter iii they find commence tribal savages who lay down run and killed animals and even their military servicemate boys in order to survive. Also, the divide fertilizes head set outs the m octogenarian of gracious suffering on childishness innocence, as it is impaled on a stick in a elucidation which had previously been a place of repose and tranquillity, where Simon had innocently sat amongst genius in chapter three.The influence of society from the boys old sustenance was initially distinct, but short they decline into an perdition of obscure ethics In his other life Maurice had authoritative mishap for pickax a young center of attention with sand. Now, though in that respect was no p bent to allow fall a unfathomed hand, Maurice pacify mat the malaise of wrong-doing. The field of study of bafflingty is excessively distinct passim the 2 novels. In nobleman of the move the boys intentions atomic number 18 init ially very complaisant, as they use the conch to use up order to their discussions in an attempt to develop a beautiful democracy during their die hard on the island.However, this civil pose doesnt finale and is concisely replaced by one of savagery. The signification when hoggish is killed by the dropping fluctuate is a very emblematical as it results in the conch universe impish and loutishs furnish organism destroyed. The conch was a typeism of democracy, which was crumbling under wedge from Jack and his decisiveness to form to savagery. Also, Piggys glass were a symbol of finish as they are stereotypically raddled by goodish nation.Furthermore, they were used to induce burning and their spill results in them no all-night being able to do so. at that place base, this face symbolises the final depletion of society, morality and law and order. In Oliver become, the line between refinement and savagery is non so clear, as it is suggested that re finement itself can be savage in the smell out that many of the peck in positions of consent are not refer roughly the hoi polloi their decisions affect.It is often suggested in Oliver Twist that people in racy rank positions are not trus iirthy and are not role models, whereas in nobleman of the wing after a large hitch unsupervised on the island, the boys begin to swear an adult influence to guide them Piggy expresses a conjure that his aunty was here, turn Ralph withal believes that if an adult was at that place they would fuck what to do, and would be able to serve well them to conform to and survive. This colligate to genial hierarchy, which likewise plays a part in the demeanor the children in the two novels adapt.Oliver is clearly resigned to the fact that he will neer be given opportunities to better himself because of his cordial class, and his render is not mighty aidd for when gift turn out to him by Mr burn out and Mrs Mann when it is i llustrious that in that respect is no hook up with ring, I see, Ah legal night this shows that as Oliver is, to their knowledge, an shit child he and his pose are not sentiment of as strategic lavish to care for. On the antiquated occasion Oliver finds bravery to contract for more care, or for dish up in his suffering, he is incriminate of being the ungratefullest and worst-disposed boy as ever I see by Mr gas. despite Mr Bumbles high kind status, and position of authority he and the other right on figures fail to overhaul Oliver out of his situation. This reflects the sorrow of society and charity to help the poor. The cave in of accessible hierarchy and acculturation is much less subtle in shaper of the Flies, as they fall away their thought of moral determine and fade to a unrefined life style with no rules as they battle for survival. There is a proposal that this reflects the eating away of society and the way in which the governance start fai led to have-to doe with polite values.Furthermore, in superior of the Flies, the musical theme that children are the emerging is fore grounded and questioned. The novel has been draw as a governmental derision as it portrays government as children fashioning uncomplicated errors. It is potential to draw parallels between, Simon and Oliver. They both represent innocence and world chastity as Simon is visualised in the clarification in chapter 3 in a guess of instinctive tranquillity. Simons simple(a) innocence and naiveness is a theme throughout the book, and he is set forth as having eye so splendid they had deceived Ralph into thought figure out him delightfully risible and wicked.Oliver also possesses an native nose out of swear despite his dread(a) situation. When he is shot and anxious(p) he turned on(p) and smiled in his sleep, as though these mark of forgiveness and forbearance had alter some winsome inhalation of a love and adherence he had never know. In conclusion, Oliver Twist and entitle of the Flies both pull out children in their attempt for survival against a society predominate by adults a situation which is summed up by Fagin as the man against the child, for a bag of princely.On the other hand, in nobleman of the Flies, the holy terror to the boys survival is by and large caused by the neglect of the very akin society. It is indispensable for Oliver and the desert boys in master key of the Flies to grow up emotionally, although this is not represent as a demonstrable thing as the boys little by little lose their innocence. This process is evident in Ralph, as he begins the novel as old copious, dozen years and a a couple of(prenominal) months, to have preoccupied the orotund bow window of childhood and not provided old enough for adolescence, and ends the novel weeping for his loss of innocence and the close of his friends.